diff --git a/Helpers.hlsli b/Helpers.hlsli
index ff263fa..6c65d04 100644
--- a/Helpers.hlsli
+++ b/Helpers.hlsli
@@ -60,4 +60,14 @@ float getFresnel(float3 normal, float3 view, float specularValue)
 	return specularValue + (1 - specularValue) * pow(1 - saturate(dot(normal, view)), 5);
 }
 
+// gets normal: n*TBN, where n = sampled normal map, N = normal vector, T = processed tangent vector (t*N-dot(t,N), B = processed bitangent vector (cross(T,N))
+float3 getNormal(SamplerState normalSampler, Texture2D map, float2 uv, float3 normal, float3 tangent, float intensity)
+{
+	float3 n = map.Sample(normalSampler, uv).rgb * 2 - 1;
+	float3 T = normalize(tangent - normal * dot(tangent, normal)) * intensity;
+	float3 B = cross(T, normal);
+	float3x3 TBN = float3x3(T, B, normal);
+	return mul(n, TBN);
+}
+
 #endif
diff --git a/SimplePixelPBR.hlsl b/SimplePixelPBR.hlsl
index 9115942..29a8a25 100644
--- a/SimplePixelPBR.hlsl
+++ b/SimplePixelPBR.hlsl
@@ -35,11 +35,7 @@ float4 main(VertexToPixel input) : SV_TARGET
 
 	float4 albedo = pow(Albedo.Sample(Sampler, input.uv), 2.2f);
 
-	float3 N = Normal.Sample(Sampler, input.uv).rgb * 2 - 1;
-	float3 T = normalize(input.tangent - input.normal * dot(input.tangent, input.normal)) * normalIntensity;
-	float3 B = cross(T, input.normal);
-	float3x3 TBN = float3x3(T, B, input.normal);
-	input.normal = mul(N, TBN);
+	float3 normal = getNormal(Sampler, Normal, input.uv, input.normal, input.tangent, normalIntensity);
 
 	float roughness = Roughness.Sample(Sampler, input.uv).r;
 	float metalness = Metalness.Sample(Sampler, input.uv).r;
@@ -51,10 +47,10 @@ float4 main(VertexToPixel input) : SV_TARGET
 		switch (lights[i].Type)
 		{
 		case LIGHT_TYPE_DIRECTIONAL:
-			light += directionalLightPBR(lights[i], input.normal, view, roughness, metalness, albedo, specular);
+			light += directionalLightPBR(lights[i], normal, view, roughness, metalness, albedo, specular);
 			break;
 		case LIGHT_TYPE_POINT:
-			light += pointLightPBR(lights[i], input.normal, view, roughness, metalness, albedo, specular, input.worldPosition);
+			light += pointLightPBR(lights[i], normal, view, roughness, metalness, albedo, specular, input.worldPosition);
 			break;
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/SimplePixelShader.hlsl b/SimplePixelShader.hlsl
index 529baec..6bad9a4 100644
--- a/SimplePixelShader.hlsl
+++ b/SimplePixelShader.hlsl
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ float4 main(VertexToPixel input) : SV_TARGET
 	// ensure input normals are normalized
 	input.normal = normalize(input.normal);
 	input.tangent = normalize(input.tangent);
+	float3 normal = input.normal;
 
 	float3 surface = tint;
 	float alphaValue = alpha;
@@ -59,11 +60,7 @@ float4 main(VertexToPixel input) : SV_TARGET
 
 	if (hasNormalMap > 0)
 	{
-		float3 unpackedNormal = Normal.Sample(BasicSampler, input.uv).rgb * 2 - 1;
-		float3 T = normalize(input.tangent - input.normal * dot(input.tangent, input.normal)) * normalIntensity;
-		float3 B = cross(T, input.normal);
-		float3x3 TBN = float3x3(T, B, input.normal);
-		input.normal = mul(unpackedNormal, TBN);
+		normal = getNormal(BasicSampler, Normal, input.uv, input.normal, input.tangent, normalIntensity);
 	}
 	input.uv = input.uv * scale + offset;
 
@@ -82,10 +79,10 @@ float4 main(VertexToPixel input) : SV_TARGET
 		switch (lights[i].Type)
 		{
 		case LIGHT_TYPE_DIRECTIONAL:
-			light += calculateDirectionalLight(lights[i], -input.normal, view, roughness, surface, specular);
+			light += calculateDirectionalLight(lights[i], -normal, view, roughness, surface, specular);
 			break;
 		case LIGHT_TYPE_POINT:
-			light += calculatePointLight(lights[i], input.normal, view, input.worldPosition, roughness, surface, specular);
+			light += calculatePointLight(lights[i], normal, view, input.worldPosition, roughness, surface, specular);
 			break;
 		}
 	}
@@ -94,9 +91,9 @@ float4 main(VertexToPixel input) : SV_TARGET
 
 	if (hasReflectionMap > 0)
 	{
-		float3 reflVec = getReflection(view, input.normal);
+		float3 reflVec = getReflection(view, normal);
 		float3 reflCol = Reflection.Sample(BasicSampler, reflVec).rgba;
-		final = lerp(final, reflCol, getFresnel(input.normal, view, F0_NON_METAL));
+		final = lerp(final, reflCol, getFresnel(normal, view, F0_NON_METAL));
 	}
 
 	return float4(pow(final, 1.0f/2.2f), alphaValue);
diff --git a/ToonShader.hlsl b/ToonShader.hlsl
index 9390cd9..c162b38 100644
--- a/ToonShader.hlsl
+++ b/ToonShader.hlsl
@@ -85,11 +85,7 @@ float4 main(VertexToPixel input) : SV_TARGET
 
 	if (hasNormalMap > 0)
 	{
-		float3 unpackedNormal = Normal.Sample(BasicSampler, input.uv).rgb * 2 - 1;
-		float3 T = normalize(input.tangent - input.normal * dot(input.tangent, input.normal)) * normalIntensity;
-		float3 B = cross(T, input.normal);
-		float3x3 TBN = float3x3(T, B, input.normal);
-		normal = mul(unpackedNormal, TBN);
+		normal = getNormal(BasicSampler, Normal, input.uv, input.normal, input.tangent, normalIntensity);
 	}
 
 	float specularValue = 1;